牛津在線詞典最新收錄詞匯

(資料圖)

The Oxford Dictionary Online is a warehouse of over 600,000 words. Despite this large arsenal, they continue to pump some of these new words into their dictionaries to keep them up to date. The world of technology remains a major influence on the English language, with innovative advances reflected in new entries including ethical hacker, 3D printing, and e-learning. Social media also continues to shape language evolution: tweeps, video chat, lifecasting, and hat tip are among the latest words to make their Oxford Dictionary debut, while acronyms regularly used online (from lulz to OH and UX) have also been recognized.牛津在線詞典是一個收錄有60萬單詞的在線詞庫。盡管收詞量如此豐富，還是持續有一些新單詞被歸入字典中，使之跟上時代的步伐。科技對英語語言的發展仍起著重要作用，新詞條中包括ethical hacker，3D printing和e-learning都反映出科技的創造性進步。社會媒體同樣在塑造著語言的改變：tweeps 、video chat、lifecasting 還有hat tip 都首次進入了牛津詞典的最新詞條，而諸如lolz、OH和UX等常常在網上出現的縮略語也被收錄其中。

1. hat tip (n.) - (in online contexts) used as an acknowledgement that someone has brought a piece of information to the writer’s attention, or provided the inspiration for a piece of writing 致敬，感謝。原指英國紳士見面打招呼時摘帽這個動作。

eg. Hat tip to Chris Johnson, who alerted me to the story.向克里斯·約翰遜致敬，是他啟發了我這個故事。

2. ethical hacker (n.) - a person who hacks into a computer network in order to test or evaluate its security, rather than with malicious or criminal intent 道德黑客：專門模擬黑客攻擊，幫助客戶了解自己網絡的弱點，并為客戶提出改進建議的網絡安全專家。

eg. Ethical hackers are becoming a mainstay of the effort to make corporate networks more secure.道德黑客已經逐漸成為保障企業網絡安全的重要力量。

3. group hug (n.) - an instance of a number of people gathering together to hug each other, typically to provide support or express solidarity 緊張忙碌的現代社會，讓我們“一起來抱抱”吧！

eg. No alternative therapy workshop would be complete without group hugs對于替代療法治療室而言，相互擁抱是不可缺少的。

4. micropig (n.) - a pig of a very small, docile, hairless variety, sometimes kept as a pet 迷你寵物豬

eg. Micropigs are becoming a popular alternative to a dog or cat and they take just as much work, money, and time.寵物豬倍受歡迎，正在逐步取代貓和狗，而照顧它所要消耗的精力、錢財和時間可是一點也沒少。

5. guilty pleasure (n.) - something, such as a film, television programme, or piece of music, that one enjoys despite feeling that it is not generally held in high regard 又內疚又喜悅的矛盾心理，有罪惡感的快樂

eg. Everybody has a guilty pleasure—for me, it has to be mid 70s disco.每個人都會有那么點負罪的快樂——于我而言，那就是70年代中期的迪斯科舞步。

6. lifecasting (n.) the practice of broadcasting a continuous live flow of video material on the Internet which documents one’s day-to-day activities 生活播客，把生活中的活動拍攝成視頻傳到網絡

eg. Lifecasting creates an interactive, never-ending soap opera.生活播客創作了一部互動的又永不停止的肥皂劇。

7. lolz (n. also lols) - fun, laughter, or amusement 消遣、娛樂、大笑 。最初為laugh out loud的網絡縮略用語，發展為復數形式收錄為新詞

The image was immediately posted on Facebook, just for lols.這圖片馬上就被貼到臉書網上，為的就是消遣。

8. mwahahaha (n.) - used to represent laughter, especially manic or cackling laughter such as that uttered by a villainous character in a cartoon or comic strip 壞人角色夸張的大笑

eg. World domination, at last, is at hand. Mwahahaha! 統治世界，終于就要實現了！啊哈哈哈哈哈哈~！

9. OH (n.) - a person’s wife, husband, or partner (used in electronic communication) 另一半，other half 的縮略語

eg. I often go to gigs on my own as my OH doesn’t have the same musical tastes as me我總是自己去聽爵士，因為另一半跟我的音樂品味不同。

10. photobomb (v.) - spoil a photograph of (a person or thing) by suddenly appearing in the camera’s field of view as the picture is taken, typically as a prank or practical joke 照片炸彈，在拍照時亂入鏡頭的行為，尤其是為了搞笑效果

eg. We were interrupted and photobombed by at least twenty tourists.我們被起碼20個游客打擾了，他們不斷亂入鏡頭破壞我們拍照。

11. ridic (adj.) ridiculous 的縮寫

eg. She looks ridic in that outfit.這身套裝讓她看上去很滑稽。

12。soul patch (n.) - a small tuft of facial hair directly below a man’s lower lip 男人下巴上的小撮胡須

eg. The 23-year-old has an earring in his left lobe, a soul patch, and a cool demeanour.這個23歲的男人左耳帶著耳釘，下巴蓄了胡須，總是表現得酷酷的。

13. tweeps (n.) - person’s followers on the social networking site Twitter 推特用戶的關注者，由Sheep和Twitter兩個單詞結合而成

eg. He told his tweeps he was going to a Bruce Springsteen concert.他告訴他的關注者們他要去聽布魯斯·斯普林斯汀的音樂會。

14. video chat (n.) - a face-to-face conversation held over the Internet by means of webcams and dedicated software 視頻聊天

eg. Both sons are now in China, and she often has video chats with them when she is in New York.兩個兒子現在都在中國而她在紐約，所以她常常跟他們用視頻聊天。

15. Wikipedian (n.) - a person who contributes to the collaboratively written online encyclopedia Wikipedia, especially on a regular basis 維基百科的貢獻者，維基人

eg. To committed Wikipedians, the site is the embodiment of an ideology of free information for all.對于忠誠的維基人來說，這個網站是實現一個信息共享的理念平臺。

16. vote someone/thing off the island - dismiss or reject someone or something as unsatisfactory 拉下馬；孤立。來源于2000年首播的一部英劇《生還者》，劇情中參與競選失敗的人被流放到小島排除在外。

eg. When a CEO gets voted off the island, the CFO typically gets dumped, too.當首席執行官被解職，他的首席財務官一般也會被拋棄。

17。e-learning (n.) - learning conducted via electronic media, typically on the Internet 網絡學習

eg. Successful e-learning depends on the self-motivation of individuals to study effectively. 成功的網絡學習需要個體的自我督促才能更有效率。